Definition and type of electric heating filmDefinition and type of electric heating film
This is the main purpose: electric film is a hot product system in a sub-category, is a new type
of electric products. Electrothermal film is not yet a unified definition and classification, the
author had the text of the definition of electric film and the heating film according to the
heating material is divided into four types. In this paper, the definition and classification of
the electric film defined by the Ministry of Housing and Urban and Rural Construction "Low
Temperature Radiation Electrothermal Film" are the main lines. The definition and type of electric
film are mainly described. At the same time, the "carbon-based printing ink, , Carbon fiber,
polymer "and other four types of electric film heating material, the corresponding electric film
production and processing technology were introduced.
First, the definition of electric film
Electric heating film is directly into the thermal energy of the electric components, and electric
tube, electric bar, electric plate, electric heater, rice cooker, induction cooker, etc., is a
large family of electric products in an integral part. But the difference is that the electric
film in the country or a relatively new product category, the application history is only a short
decade or so, the application area is far less than other electric products, so people know and
understand the electric film has not yet reached The extent of popularity.
Electric film, the English name "hot film" or "electrothermal film", Japanese name "surface
heating body". In the textbooks and dictionaries at home and abroad is difficult to find the
exact definition of electric film, the domestic years ago for the definition of electric film are
mostly based on electric film manufacturers promotional materials to carbon-based printing ink
electrothermal film-based, such as: Membrane is a kind of translucent polyester film which can
generate heat after power supply. It is made of conductive special ink and metal carrier, and is
hot pressed in the insulating polyester film. "The original construction department in 2005 for
the electric film Of the construction industry industry standard project report name is also "low
temperature radiation polyester heating film", apparently also refers to carbon-based printing
ink electric film, and later changed to "low temperature radiation electric film." In recent years
, with all kinds of electric film technological progress and large-scale production and market
applications, people of various types of electric film has a gradual understanding and
understanding of the opportunity, how to more accurately define the electric film has become the
industry's general concern and One of the issues discussed.
Second, the electric film classification
According to incomplete statistics, the current market is called electrothermal film products ar
e more than a dozen, with a thermoelectric film structure to other names named similar products,
electric film products in a total of more than 20 categories. In the 2006 issue of "heating and
cooling" magazine in China for the first time according to the electric film heating material
classification, the electric film is divided into "printing ink type, carbon fiber type, wire
(chip) type, conductive polymer Material type "and other four types (hereinafter referred to as
quartet). (Hereinafter referred to as dichotomy), and non-metal-based electric film is subdivided
into carbon fiber, carbon-based ink and high-molecular-weight Three types.
There is no essential difference between the dichotomy and the quartet, except that the
non-metallic electrothermal film is used as the grade I, and the other three types of electric
heating films other than the metal base are the secondary, There is no error from the logical
relationship, but the dichotomy emphasizes the metal material, weakening the status of other
materials, and including electric materials, including new materials, technological progress is
very fast, so the future of non-metallic electric The secondary type of membrane will continue to
increase, and metal-based electric film in a very long period of time and then re-classification
is unlikely, this will form two categories of electric film family members of the serious
imbalance, namely: non-metallic The base electrothermal film has a large family and has even
reached the third grade, the fourth grade, while the metal-based electric film is still only one
member. Moreover, the dichotomy is based on the national standard "infrared radiation heater
experimental method" (GB / T7287-2008) by the radiation matrix classification infrared radiation
heater classification for the electric film, and infrared radiation heater type division itself
is also open to question , Such as: non-metallic infrared heater type "semiconductor heater"
obviously includes "ceramic, enamel, high silicon, zircon sand heater" and so on, and was include
d in the non-metallic base of the " Polyester film heater "of course, may also be packaged
metal-based heating material that is" metal-based heater. "
In addition to the above two dichotomy and quartet, most of the electric film manufacturers from
different angles to their own product name, and some electric film covered with insulating
material definition of electric film, such as: polyamide electric film, silicon ) Electric
heating film, mica electric film, PET electric film; some are defined as the size of the electric
film power density, such as low temperature, medium temperature, high temperature electric film;
some from the concept of radiation heat radiation, such as: radiation electric film, far infrared
Electric heating film; some stressed the size of the heating element particles, such as: called
nano-electric film, carbon nano-electric film; also like "eco-electric film", "electric film"
were from the environmental characteristics of electric film and to warm the application of the
definition of electric membrane. And the last two years in Shanghai, Sichuan, Chongqing, Wuhan and
other places generally called the more "silicon crystal, carbon crystal electric film" and the
recent "high (ultra) carbon crystal electric film" and so on, according to the author and With the
relevant manufacturers to communicate, you can conclude that this type of electric film is a
carbon fiber electric film, if the subdivision type should also be added in the final words after
the "carbon fiber heating film." The name of carbon crystal is unscientific.
The author believes that the classification of heating materials as the main body and named
electric film is more scientific, because the heating material determines the characteristics of
the electric film to heat the definition of electric material film for both a certain knowledge
of science and engineering and other non-professional people, It is easier to understand and
understand the basic characteristics of different types of electric film from the root, but also
to avoid the manufacturers through the fuzzy concept to achieve their own purpose to attempt.
Of course, as the definition of the same as the electric film, to be "low temperature radiation
electric film" standard approved, the manufacturer naturally follow the standard electric film
classification named their own products, when the electric film classification of the confusion
will also be a certain degree of contain.
The following are two dichotomy and quartet in the common "metal-based, carbon-based printing inks
, carbon fiber, polymer" and other four types of electric film heating materials, production and
processing technology and the corresponding performance characteristics of the electric film An
introduction.
Carbon-based printing ink-type electric film heating material: graphite, metal powder, metal
oxide
The production process of the carbon-based printing ink electrothermal film is carried out by
making the above-mentioned heat generating material together with other fillers and printing the
ink on a polyester film in which a metal carrier tape (as an electrode) is preliminarily printed
by a screen printing process , And then covered with polyester film insulation structure, it is
also known as printing ink electric film. The power control of such electric film is mainly
through the slurry composition, ink bar thickness and spacing to achieve.
Carbon-based printing ink electric film technology is the core of the pulp production and
processing technology. At present, China has a number of carbon-based ink slurry production
enterprises, more than a dozen carbon-based printing ink electric film manufacturers. Foreign
brands to the United States, South Korea-based.
Metal heating film heating material: pure metal or metal alloy material
Metal-based electric film production process is to heat the metal or metal alloy material is
first made of metal foil, the polyester film on the adhesive circuit made of resistance, which
then covered with a layer of polyester film to form an insulating structure. Commonly used metal
heating materials are copper, nickel, copper and nickel, iron chromium aluminum and so on.
Different metal and metal alloy materials have different resistivities, ie, conductive properties,
depending on the operating voltage, the unit area power requirements can be selected from
different metal heating materials and designed into different resistive lines. And the different
metal materials will also directly affect the performance of the heating element
(such as antioxidant capacity) and cost.
Carbon fiber heating film heating material: carbon fiber
Carbon fiber is a high carbon content (usually more than 90%) of the raw material fiber, placed in
an inert gas, by 200 ~ 300 ℃ heat oxidation, 1000 ~ 2000 ℃ carbonization and graphitization
treatment. According to the basic raw materials of different carbon fiber can be divided into
polyacrylonitrile (PAN), asphalt and viscose-based carbon fiber, in which PAN-based carbon fiber
in the world's carbon fiber production accounted for 90% of the current world carbon fiber
technology mainly in Japan , While most of the other carbon fiber business process is still
groping in the continuous improvement. Domestic carbon fiber electric film production of carbon
fiber raw materials mainly from Japanese companies import.
Carbon fiber with high temperature, abrasion resistance, conductive, thermal and corrosion
resistance, the shape of a significant anisotropy, soft, can be processed into a variety of
fabrics, the proportion of small, along the fiber axis to show a high strength. Carbon fiber can
be combined with resin, metal, ceramic and other matrix to form a variety of composite materials
for aerospace, automotive, oil drilling, sports and medical equipment and other fields.
The use of carbon fiber conductive properties of its made of electric materials, according to
the different heating structure can be divided into carbon fiber heating cable and carbon fiber
electric film two. Wherein the carbon fiber electric heating film is divided into a non-uniform
line-like carbon fiber electric heating film produced by a textile process as a warp or weft yarn
directly according to the production and processing process, and the carbon fiber filament is cut
into Disruptive short fibers, mixed with pulp after the papermaking process to form carbon fiber
heating paper. Adjust the carbon fiber ratio to get a different power density. According to the
use and insulation requirements of different insulation materials that cover the formation of
carbon fiber electric film.
Polymer electric film heating material: conductive polymer material.
Production process, the first use of different molecular design techniques to synthesize the
functional polymer conductive composite material, by spraying or comma coating process of the
conductive polymer material evenly coated on the substrate implanted in the electrode to form a
naked electric film, outside Covering different insulating materials that form a polymer electric
film.
Polymer electric film was born in Japan, polymer electric film power density is by adjusting
the heating material of the degree of polymerization, the number of positive and negative groups
and the proportion of free electricity to achieve, rather than by adding and subtracting the
amount of coating.
Although the type of electric film is different, but they contain heating element, electrode
and insulation layer of the three common parts, are covered with insulation within the heating
body structure. The difference is that the metal-based electrothermal film and the carbon-based
ink electrothermal film are directly hot pressed between the insulating polyester film, and the
carbon fiber and the polymer electric film are coated with the heat-generating material on the
substrate and then covered with the insulating material.
Different types of electric film because of its different heating materials and production
and processing technology is different from the electric film also has different electric
properties and application performance, such as: power density limit, the heat of the thermal
stability and thermal uniformity, resistance Oxidation and aging capacity, power attenuation,
cracking and swelling, and so on, and these characteristics directly determine the product of the
most suitable areas of application and as a heating material in the application of the
construction process requirements.
Contact Us:
Eric Xie
Tel: +86 15988295936
SKYPE: ericxie123@outlook.com
Whatsapp: +8615988295936
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